Cardiovascular diseases
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. They are the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for more than 17 million deaths each year. Some common types of cardiovascular diseases include:
Coronary heart disease: This is a condition in which the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart, become narrowed or blocked. This can lead to chest pain, angina, and heart attacks.
Heart attack: A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when the blood supply to the heart muscle is blocked, usually by a blood clot. This can cause part of the heart muscle to be damaged or die.
Stroke: A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is disrupted, causing brain cells to die. This can result in weakness, numbness, speech problems, and other symptoms.
Hypertension: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a condition in which the pressure of the blood against the walls of the blood vessels is consistently too high. This can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
Arrhythmias: An arrhythmia is a problem with the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat. This can include conditions such as atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and others.
Heart failure: Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. This can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and swelling.
Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases include smoking, a sedentary lifestyle, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, diabetes, and a family history of heart disease. Making healthy lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, getting regular exercise, and quitting smoking, can help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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